TY  - JOUR
  - McKernan, DP,Nolan, A,Brint, EK,O'Mahony, SM,Hyland, NP,Cryan, JF,Dinan, TG
  - 2009
  - September
  - Plos One
  - Toll-Like Receptor mRNA Expression Is Selectively Increased in the Colonic Mucosa of Two Animal Models Relevant to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  - Validated
  - ()
  - WISTAR-KYOTO RATS FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS IMPAIRED GASTRIC ACCOMMODATION VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY NEGATIVE REGULATION IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION EPITHELIAL-CELLS NERVE INJURY MAP KINASE GUT AXIS
  - 4
  - Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is largely viewed as a stress-related disorder caused by aberrant brain-gut-immune communication and altered gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that stress modulates innate immune responses; however, very little is known on the immunological effects of stress on the GI tract. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical pattern recognition molecules of the innate immune system. Activation of TLRs by bacterial and viral molecules leads to activation of NF-kB and an increase in inflammatory cytokine expression. It was our hypothesis that innate immune receptor expression may be changed in the gastrointestinal tract of animals with stress-induced IBS-like symptoms.Methodology/Principal Findings: In this study, our objective was to evaluate the TLR expression profile in the colonic mucosa of two rat strains that display colonic visceral hypersensivity; the stress-sensitive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat and the maternally separated (MS) rat. Quantitative PCR of TLR2-10 mRNA in both the proximal and distal colonic mucosae was carried out in adulthood. Significant increases are seen in the mRNA levels of TLR3, 4 ; 5 in both the distal and proximal colonic mucosa of MS rats compared with controls. No significant differences were noted for TLR 2, 7, 9 ; 10 while TLR 6 could not be detected in any samples in both rat strains. The WKY strain have increased levels of mRNA expression of TLR3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 ; 10 in both the distal and proximal colonic mucosa compared to the control Sprague-Dawley strain. No significant differences in expression were found for TLR2 while as before TLR6 could not be detected in all samples in both strains.Conclusions: These data suggest that both early life stress (MS) and a genetic predisposition (WKY) to stress affect the expression of key sentinels of the innate immune system which may have direct relevance for the molecular pathophysiology of IBS.
  - ARTN e8226
DA  - 2009/09
ER  - 

@article{V43334653,
   = {McKernan,  DP and Nolan,  A and Brint,  EK and O'Mahony,  SM and Hyland,  NP and Cryan,  JF and Dinan,  TG },
   = {2009},
   = {September},
   = {Plos One},
   = {Toll-Like Receptor mRNA Expression Is Selectively Increased in the Colonic Mucosa of Two Animal Models Relevant to Irritable Bowel Syndrome},
   = {Validated},
   = {()},
   = {WISTAR-KYOTO RATS FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS IMPAIRED GASTRIC ACCOMMODATION VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY NEGATIVE REGULATION IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION EPITHELIAL-CELLS NERVE INJURY MAP KINASE GUT AXIS},
   = {4},
   = {{Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is largely viewed as a stress-related disorder caused by aberrant brain-gut-immune communication and altered gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that stress modulates innate immune responses; however, very little is known on the immunological effects of stress on the GI tract. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical pattern recognition molecules of the innate immune system. Activation of TLRs by bacterial and viral molecules leads to activation of NF-kB and an increase in inflammatory cytokine expression. It was our hypothesis that innate immune receptor expression may be changed in the gastrointestinal tract of animals with stress-induced IBS-like symptoms.Methodology/Principal Findings: In this study, our objective was to evaluate the TLR expression profile in the colonic mucosa of two rat strains that display colonic visceral hypersensivity; the stress-sensitive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat and the maternally separated (MS) rat. Quantitative PCR of TLR2-10 mRNA in both the proximal and distal colonic mucosae was carried out in adulthood. Significant increases are seen in the mRNA levels of TLR3, 4 ; 5 in both the distal and proximal colonic mucosa of MS rats compared with controls. No significant differences were noted for TLR 2, 7, 9 ; 10 while TLR 6 could not be detected in any samples in both rat strains. The WKY strain have increased levels of mRNA expression of TLR3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 ; 10 in both the distal and proximal colonic mucosa compared to the control Sprague-Dawley strain. No significant differences in expression were found for TLR2 while as before TLR6 could not be detected in all samples in both strains.Conclusions: These data suggest that both early life stress (MS) and a genetic predisposition (WKY) to stress affect the expression of key sentinels of the innate immune system which may have direct relevance for the molecular pathophysiology of IBS.}},
   = {ARTN e8226},
  source = {IRIS}
}