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4. Paul Young

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Biography

Paul Young received his undergraduate degree in Biotechnology at National University of Ireland, Galway in 1996.  He did his thesis work at European Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelberg, Germany.  There he worked with Prof. Mathias Gautel characterizing proteins that are involved in muscle contraction.  He received his PhD for this work from NUI, Galway in 2000.  For his postdoctoral work he switched to the field of Neuroscience and worked at Duke University in North Carolina with Prof. Guoping Feng funded by a Ruth K. Broad Biomedical Research Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship.  At Duke he studied the molecular mechanisms of synapse formation in the nervous system.  He also developed a novel technique to genetically manipulate and monitor neurons in transgenic mice. He is currently a Senior Lecturer and Principal Investigator in the School of Biochemistry Cell Biology at University College Cork, Ireland.‍

Research Interests

Our research focuses on the cell and molecular biology of neuronal and cancer cells as well as the area of synthetic biology.  Ongoing strands of research aim to investigate: 1. The mechanisms underlying neural circuit formation and function through the development of novel techniques to label and manipulate neurons in transgenic mice. 2. The roles of the alpha-actinin family of actin-crosslinking proteins at sysnapses and in cell biological processes relevant to cancer such as cell migration. 3. The physiological functions of the LNX family of proteins in the nervous system and their putative involvement in colorectal and brain cancer. 4. Employ protein engineering to develop novel biomaterials, biosensors and metabolic pathways in the context of synthetic biology.  The methodologies that we employ include: mouse molecular genetics, gene assembly, directed evolution, confocal microscopy, protein:protein interaction technologies, biochemical asssays, immunohistochemistry and mouse behavioural assays.  Current Research Projects

• Labeling and manipulating neurons to study synaptic connectivity in the nervous system   

Defects in neuronal morphology and synaptic connectivity have been implicated as causative factors in Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and mental retardation. To better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the establishment and modulation of synaptic connectivity we developed a method termed single-neuron labeling with inducible cre-mediated knockout (SLICK), for genetic manipulation of single fluorescently labeled neurons in vivo (1,2).  SLICK reveals the detailed morphology and synaptic connections of genetically manipulated cells within a predominantly wild-type background, providing unprecedented opportunities to assess cell autonomous functions of genes and to study competitive and dynamic aspects of neural circuit formation and function.  In collaboaration with Susan Dymecki at Harvard University we recently applied SLICK to demonstrate that tetanus toxin light chain expression in vivo caused a reduction in dendritic spine density in a cell-autonomous manner(3).  This effect is likely to be a consequence of inhibition of activity-dependent dendritic exocytosis and suggests that on-going plasticity-associated exocytosis is required for long-term dendritic spine maintenance in vivo.  References (1)  P. Young, L. Qiu, D. Wang, S. Zhao, J. Gross, G. Feng, Single-neuron labeling with inducible Cre-mediated knockout in transgenic mice, Nature neuroscience 11 (2008) 721-728. (2)  V. Heimer-McGinn, P. Young, Efficient inducible Pan-neuronal cre-mediated recombination in SLICK-H transgenic mice, Genesis 49 (2011) 942-949. (3)  V. Heimer-McGinn, A.C. Murphy, J.C. Kim, S.M. Dymecki, P.W. Young, Decreased dendritic spine density as a consequence of tetanus toxin light chain expression in single neurons in vivo, Neurosci Lett (2013).
 
 

• Alpha-Actinin family of actin-crosslinking proteins

Actinins are major F-actin cross-linking proteins found in virtually all cell types.  There are four actinin genes, in addiotn to several splicing variants.  Acinin-4 overexpression occurs in many types of cancer and is associated with poor outcomes. In the brain actinin-1,-2 and -4 are postsynaptic components and interact with key mediators of synaptic plasticity such as NMDA type glutamate receptors (NMDAR) and Ca++/Calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII).  Further characterisation of the various actinin isoforms is required understand their roles in cancer and synaptic plasticity.  We have comprehensively investigated the splicing, actin-binding properties, heterodimerisation and molecular interactions of the actinin-1 and 4. We found that the calcium-insensitive variant of actinin-4 is expressed only in the nervous system and thus cannot be regarded as a smooth muscle isoform, as is the case for the calcium-insensitive variant of actinin-1.  The actin-binding properties of actinin-1 and -4 are similar and are unlikely to explain isoform-specific functions.  Surprisingly we observed that actinin-1/-4 heterodimers, rather than homodimers, are the most abundant form of actinin in many cell lines.  The finding that actinin-1 and -4 can readily form heterodimers composed of monomers that may have different properties and interacting proteins significantly alters the predominant view that actinins function primarily as homodimers.  References K.S. Foley, P.W. Young, An analysis of splicing, actin-binding properties, heterodimerization and molecular interactions of the non-muscle alpha-actinins, Biochem J 452 (2013) 477-488.
 

• LNX proteins

LNX proteins are E3 ubiquitin ligases of largely unknown function.  They are closely related and share an identical domain structure consisting of a catalytic RING type E3 ubiquitin ligase domain and several PDZ protien:protein interaction domains.  This combination of domains in one protein is unique to the LNX family. LNX1 and LNX2 were originally identified as ligands of Numb – a protein involved in the specification of cell fates and regulation of neruonal differentiation during development.  Numerous other LNX-binding proteins have been identified however, the in vivo relevance of any of these interactions, including Numb, remains to be demonstrated.  We have examined the molecular evolution of the LNX gene family1 and determined that the LNX genes had an early metazoan origin with a LNX1/LNX2-like protein with 4 PDZ domains likely giving rise to a LNX3/LNX4-like protein through the loss of PDZ domains1.  We are also attempting to identify physiologically relevant LNX interacting proteins and ultimately ellucidate the in vivo functions of this gene family. References M. Flynn, O. Saha, P. Young, Molecular evolution of the LNX gene family, BMC Evol Biol 11 (2011) 235. Lenihan JA, Saha O, Mansfield LM, Young PW.  Tight, cell type-specific control of LNX expression in the nervous system, at the level of transcription, translation and protein stability. (2014) Gene 552 (1) 39-50.‍

Publications

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Book Chapters

	Year	Publication
	(2018)	'Actinin Family' Young P.W., Ajaykumar A.P. (2018) 'Actinin Family' In: Choi S (eds). Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Cham: Springer. [DOI] [Details]

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Peer Reviewed Journals

	Year	Publication
	(2024)	'A Yeast Modular Cloning (MoClo) Toolkit Expansion for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Secretion and Surface Display in Saccharomyces cerevisiae' O'Riordan NM;Juric V;O'Neill SK;Roche AP;Young PW; (2024) 'A Yeast Modular Cloning (MoClo) Toolkit Expansion for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Secretion and Surface Display in Saccharomyces cerevisiae'. ACS Synthetic Biology, 13 (4) [DOI] [Details]
	(2021)	'Platelet hyperactivation and hyporesponsiveness at diagnosis in multiple myeloma persists during treatment initiation' O'Sullivan LR;Meade-Murphy G;Gilligan OM;Mykytiv V;Cahill MR;Young PW; (2021) 'Platelet hyperactivation and hyporesponsiveness at diagnosis in multiple myeloma persists during treatment initiation'. Thrombosis Research, 203 [DOI] [Details]
	(2021)	'The Importance of Alpha-Actinin Proteins in Platelet Formation and Function, and Their Causative Role in Congenital Macrothrombocytopenia' O'Sullivan LR;Cahill MR;Young PW; (2021) 'The Importance of Alpha-Actinin Proteins in Platelet Formation and Function, and Their Causative Role in Congenital Macrothrombocytopenia'. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22 (17) [DOI] [Details]
	(2020)	'Regulated phase separation in nanopatterned protein-polysaccharide thin films by spin coating' Banta, R. A.; Collins, T. W.; Curley, R.; O’Connell, J.; Young, P. W.; Holmes, J. D.; Flynn, E. J. (2020) 'Regulated phase separation in nanopatterned protein-polysaccharide thin films by spin coating'. Colloids and Surfaces B-Biointerfaces, 190 :110967(1)-110967(11)   [DOI] [Full Text] [Details]
	(2020)	'Student-Produced Video of Role-Plays on Topics in Cell Biology and Biochemistry: A Novel Undergraduate Group Work Exercise' Young P.W. (2020) 'Student-Produced Video of Role-Plays on Topics in Cell Biology and Biochemistry: A Novel Undergraduate Group Work Exercise'. Frontiers In Education, 5 [DOI] [Details]
	(2020)	'Platelet hyperactivation in multiple myeloma is also evident in patients with premalignant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance' O'Sullivan LR;Meade-Murphy G;Gilligan OM;Mykytiv V;Young PW;Cahill MR; (2020) 'Platelet hyperactivation in multiple myeloma is also evident in patients with premalignant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance'. British Journal of Haematology, [DOI] [Details]
	(2019)	'Investigation of calmodulin-like and rod domain mutations suggests common molecular mechanism for alpha-actinin-1-linked congenital macrothrombocytopenia' O'Sullivan, LR;Ajaykumar, AP;Dembicka, KM;Murphy, A;Grennan, EP;Young, PW (2019) 'Investigation of calmodulin-like and rod domain mutations suggests common molecular mechanism for alpha-actinin-1-linked congenital macrothrombocytopenia'. Febs Letters, [DOI] [Details]
	(2018)	'LNX1/LNX2 proteins: functions in neuronal signalling and beyond' Young, PW (2018) 'LNX1/LNX2 proteins: functions in neuronal signalling and beyond'. Neuronal Signaling, 2 (2) [DOI] [Details]
	(2018)	'Nanopatterned protein-polysaccharide thin films by humidity regulated phase separation' Banta, R. A.; Collins, T. W.; Curley, R. A.; Young, P. W.; Holmes, J. D.; Flynn, E. (2018) 'Nanopatterned protein-polysaccharide thin films by humidity regulated phase separation'. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 532 :171-181   [DOI] [Full Text] [Details]
	(2017)	'Decreased anxiety-related behaviour but apparently unperturbed NUMB function in ligand of NUMB protein-X (LNX) 1/2 double knockout mice' Lenihan, Joan A.; Saha, Orthis; Heimer-McGinn, Victoria; Cryan, John F.; Feng, Guoping; Young, Paul W. (2017) 'Decreased anxiety-related behaviour but apparently unperturbed NUMB function in ligand of NUMB protein-X (LNX) 1/2 double knockout mice'. Molecular Neurobiology, 54 (10):8090-8109 [DOI] [Full Text] [Details]
	(2017)	'Building Bridges through Science' Lissek, T;Adams, M;Adelman, J;Ahissar, E;Akaaboune, M;Akil, H;al'Absi, M;Arain, F;Arango-Lasprilla, JC;Atasoy, D;Avila, J;Badawi, A;Bading, H;Baig, AM;Baleriola, J;Belmonte, C;Bertocchi, I;Betz, H;Blakemore, C;Blanke, O;Boehm-Sturm, P;Bonhoeffer, T;Bonifazi, P;Brose, N;Campolongo, P;Celikel, T;Chang, CC;Chang, TY;Citri, A;Cline, HT;Cortes, JM;Cullen, K;Dean, K;Delgado-Garcia, JM;Desroches, M;Disterhoft, JF;Dowling, JE;Draguhn, A;El-Khamisy, SF;El Manira, A;Enam, SA;Encinas, JM;Erramuzpe, A;Esteban, JA;Farinas, I;Fischer, E;Fukunaga, I;Gabilondo, I;Ganten, D;Gidon, A;Gomez-Esteban, JC;Greengard, P;Grinevich, V;Gruart, A;Guillemin, R;Hariri, AR;Hassan, B;Hausser, M;Hayashi, Y;Hussain, NK;Jabbar, AA;Jaber, M;Jahn, R;Janahi, EM;Kabbaj, M;Kettenmann, H;Kindt, M;Knafo, S;Kohr, G;Komai, S;Krugers, H;Kuhn, B;Ghazal, NL;Larkum, ME;London, M;Lutz, B;Matute, C;Martinez-Millan, L;Maroun, M;McGaugh, J;Moustafa, AA;Nasim, A;Nave, KA;Neher, E;Nikolich, K;Outeiro, T;Palmer, LM;Penagarikano, O;Perez-Otano, I;Pfaff, DW;Poucet, B;Rahman, AU;Ramos-Cabrer, P;Rashidy-Pour, A;Roberts, RJ;Rodrigues, S;Sanes, JR;Schaefer, AT;Segal, M;Segev, I;Shafqat, S;Siddiqui, NA;Soreq, H;Soriano-Garcia, E;Spanagel, R;Sprengel, R;Stuart, G;Sudhof, TC;Tonnesen, J;Trevino, M;Uthman, BM;Venter, JC;Verkhratsky, A;Weiss, C;Wiesel, TN;Yaksi, E;Yizhar, O;Young, LJ;Young, P;Zawia, NH;Zugaza, JL;Hasan, MT (2017) 'Building Bridges through Science'. Neuron, 96 :730-735 [DOI] [Details]
	(2017)	'Proteomic analysis reveals novel ligands and substrates for LNX1 E3 ubiquitin ligase' Lenihan JA;Saha O;Young PW; (2017) 'Proteomic analysis reveals novel ligands and substrates for LNX1 E3 ubiquitin ligase'. Plos One, 12 (11) [DOI] [Details]
	(2016)	'Congenital macrothrombocytopenia-linked mutations in the actin-binding domain of alpha-actinin-1 enhance F-actin association' Murphy, ACH;Lindsay, AJ;McCaffrey, MW;Djinovic-Carugo, K;Young, PW (2016) 'Congenital macrothrombocytopenia-linked mutations in the actin-binding domain of alpha-actinin-1 enhance F-actin association'. Febs Letters, 590 :685-695 [DOI] [Details]
	(2016)	'Psg22 null mouse embryos develop normally under normoxic and hypoxic conditions of pregnancy' Williams JM, Bezak T, Das M, Ning Z, Lucking EF, Kelly VP, Harrison P, Young P, O'Connell MJ, Dockery P, O'Halloran KD, Moore T. (2016) 'Psg22 null mouse embryos develop normally under normoxic and hypoxic conditions of pregnancy'. 10.19185/matters.201611000023 [Details]
	(2015)	'The actinin family of actin cross-linking proteins - a genetic perspective' Murphy AC, Young PW (2015) 'The actinin family of actin cross-linking proteins - a genetic perspective'. Cell & bioscience, 5 [DOI] [Details]
	(2014)	'The non-muscle functions of actinins: an update' Foley KS, Young PW (2014) 'The non-muscle functions of actinins: an update'. The Biochemical Journal, 459 (1):1-13 [DOI] [Details]
	(2014)	'Tight, cell type-specific control of LNX expression in the nervous system, at the level of transcription, translation and protein stability' Lenihan, JA;Saha, O;Mansfield, LM;Young, PW (2014) 'Tight, cell type-specific control of LNX expression in the nervous system, at the level of transcription, translation and protein stability'. Gene, 552 :39-50 [DOI] [Details]
	(2013)	'Decreased dendritic spine density as a consequence of tetanus toxin light chain expression in single neurons in vivo' Heimer-McGinn, V;Murphy, ACH;Kim, JC;Dymecki, SM;Young, PW (2013) 'Decreased dendritic spine density as a consequence of tetanus toxin light chain expression in single neurons in vivo'. Neuroscience Letters, 555 :36-41 [DOI] [Details]
	(2013)	'An analysis of splicing, actin-binding properties, heterodimerization and molecular interactions of the non-muscle alpha-actinins' Foley, KS;Young, PW (2013) 'An analysis of splicing, actin-binding properties, heterodimerization and molecular interactions of the non-muscle alpha-actinins'. The Biochemical Journal, 452 :477-488 [DOI] [Details]
	(2011)	'Molecular evolution of the LNX gene family' Flynn, M,Saha, O,Young, P; (2011) 'Molecular evolution of the LNX gene family'. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 11 [DOI] [Details]
	(2011)	'The role of endosomal-recycling in long-term potentiation' Kelly, EE;Horgan, CP;McCaffrey, MW;Young, P (2011) 'The role of endosomal-recycling in long-term potentiation'. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 68 :185-194 [DOI] [Details]
	(2011)	'Efficient inducible Pan-neuronal cre-mediated recombination in SLICK-H transgenic mice' Heimer-McGinn, V,Young, P (2011) 'Efficient inducible Pan-neuronal cre-mediated recombination in SLICK-H transgenic mice'. Genesis, 49 :942-949 [DOI] [Details]
	(2008)	'Single-neuron labeling with inducible Cre-mediated knockout in transgenic mice' Young P, Qiu L, Wang D, Zhao S, Gross J, Feng G; (2008) 'Single-neuron labeling with inducible Cre-mediated knockout in transgenic mice'. Nature Neuroscience, 11 (6):721-728 [DOI] [Details]
	(2007)	'Regulation of synaptic growth and maturation by a synapse-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase at the neuromuscular junction' Lu, Z.,Je, H. S.,Young, P.,Gross, J.,Lu, B.,Feng, G.; (2007) 'Regulation of synaptic growth and maturation by a synapse-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase at the neuromuscular junction'. J Cell Biol, 177 (6):1077-89   [Details]
	(2005)	'LNX1 is a perisynaptic Schwann cell specific E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with ErbB2' Young P., Nie J, Wang X, McGlade CJ, Rich MM, Feng G.; (2005) 'LNX1 is a perisynaptic Schwann cell specific E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with ErbB2'. Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 30 (2):238-248 [Details]
	(2004)	'Labeling neurons in vivo for morphological and functional studies' Young, P.,Feng, G.; (2004) 'Labeling neurons in vivo for morphological and functional studies'. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 14 (5):642-6   [Details]
	(2002)	'The spectrin repeat: a structural platform for cytoskeletal protein assemblies' Djinovic-Carugo, K.,Gautel, M.,Ylanne, J.,Young, P.; (2002) 'The spectrin repeat: a structural platform for cytoskeletal protein assemblies'. FEBS Lett, 513 (1):119-23   [Details]
	(2001)	'Obscurin, a giant sarcomeric Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor protein involved in sarcomere assembly' Young, P.,Ehler, E.,Gautel, M.; (2001) 'Obscurin, a giant sarcomeric Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor protein involved in sarcomere assembly'. J Cell Biol, 154 (1):123-36   [Details]
	(2001)	'Crystal Structure of the alpha-Actinin Rod Reveals an Extensive Torsional Twist' Ylanne, J.,Scheffzek, K.,Young, P.,Saraste, M.; (2001) 'Crystal Structure of the alpha-Actinin Rod Reveals an Extensive Torsional Twist'. Structure (Camb), 9 (7):597-604   [Details]
	(2000)	'The interaction of titin and alpha-actinin is controlled by a phospholipid-regulated intramolecular pseudoligand mechanism' Young P and Gautel M.; (2000) 'The interaction of titin and alpha-actinin is controlled by a phospholipid-regulated intramolecular pseudoligand mechanism'. The EMBO Journal, 19 :6331-6340 [Details]
	(1999)	'Control of sarcomeric assembly: the flow of information on titin' Gautel, M.,Mues, A.,Young, P.; (1999) 'Control of sarcomeric assembly: the flow of information on titin'. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol, 138 :97-137   [Details]
	(1999)	'Structure of the alpha-actinin rod: molecular basis for cross-linking of actin filaments' Djinovic-Carugo, K.,Young, P.,Gautel, M.,Saraste, M.; (1999) 'Structure of the alpha-actinin rod: molecular basis for cross-linking of actin filaments'. Cell, 98 (4):537-46   [Details]
	(1998)	'Two immunoglobulin-like domains of the Z-disc portion of titin interact in a conformation-dependent way with telethonin' Mues, A.,van der Ven, P. F.,Young, P.,Furst, D. O.,Gautel, M.; (1998) 'Two immunoglobulin-like domains of the Z-disc portion of titin interact in a conformation-dependent way with telethonin'. FEBS Lett, 428 (1-2):111-4   [Details]
	(1998)	'Structural basis for activation of the titin kinase domain during myofibrillogenesis' Mayans, O.,van der Ven, P. F.,Wilm, M.,Mues, A.,Young, P.,Furst, D. O.,Wilmanns, M.,Gautel, M.; (1998) 'Structural basis for activation of the titin kinase domain during myofibrillogenesis'. Nature, 395 (6705):863-9   [Details]
	(1998)	'Molecular structure of the sarcomeric Z-disk: two types of titin interactions lead to an asymmetrical sorting of alpha-actinin' Young P, Ferguson C, Banuelos S, Gautel M.; (1998) 'Molecular structure of the sarcomeric Z-disk: two types of titin interactions lead to an asymmetrical sorting of alpha-actinin'. The EMBO Journal, 17 :1614-1624 [Details]
	(1997)	'Constitutive and variable regions of Z-disk titin/connectin in myofibril formation: a dominant-negative screen' Peckham, M.,Young, P.,Gautel, M.; (1997) 'Constitutive and variable regions of Z-disk titin/connectin in myofibril formation: a dominant-negative screen'. Cell Struct Funct, 22 (1):95-101   [Details]

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Conference Publications

	Year	Publication
	(2011)	EFFICIENT INDUCIBLE NEURON-SPECIFIC CRE-MEDIATED RECOMBINATION IN SLICK-H TRANSGENIC MICE Young, P,Heimer-Torres, V,Feng, G (2011) IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE EFFICIENT INDUCIBLE NEURON-SPECIFIC CRE-MEDIATED RECOMBINATION IN SLICK-H TRANSGENIC MICE , pp.58-58 [Details]
	(2011)	ANALYSIS OF LNX1 AND LNX2 EXPRESSION IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Saha, O,Young, P (2011) IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE ANALYSIS OF LNX1 AND LNX2 EXPRESSION IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM , pp.60-60 [Details]

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Professional Activities

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Honours and Awards

	Year	Title	Awarding Body
	2003	Scholarship to attend the Neurobiology course at the Marine Biology Laboratory at Woods Hole, Massachusetts.	Howard A. Schneiderman Endowed Scholarship and Surdna Foundation
	2001	Ruth K. Broad Biomedical Research Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship	Ruth K. Broad Biomedical Research Foundation

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Professional Associations

	Association	Function	From / To
	Biochemical Society Member	Member	01-JAN-11 / 31-DEC-15
	Neuroscience Ireland Communications Officer	Neuroscience Ireland Communications Officer	01-JAN-13 / 31-DEC-14
	Federation of European Neuroscience Societies	Member	01-JAN-09 / 01-JAN-15
	Neuroscience Ireland Board Member	Committee Member	01-MAR-09 / 31-DEC-14

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Conference Contributions

	Year	Publication
	(2008)	Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS) 6th Forum of European Neuroscience, Paul Young; (2008) Single-neuron labeling with inducible cre-mediated knockout in transgenic mice. [Oral Presentation], Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS) 6th Forum of European Neuroscience, Geneva, Switzeerland , 01-JUL-08 - 01-JUL-08. [Details]
	(2008)	Gordon Conference on Neural Ciruits and Disease, Paul Young; (2008) Single-neuron labeling with inducible cre-mediated knockout in transgenic mice. [Oral Presentation], Gordon Conference on Neural Ciruits and Disease, Oxford UK , 01-AUG-08 - 01-AUG-08. [Details]
	(2006)	Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS) 5th Forum of European Neuroscience, Paul Young; (2006) Single-neuron labeling with inducible cre-mediated knockout in transgenic mice. [Poster Presentation], Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS) 5th Forum of European Neuroscience, Vienna, Austria , 08-JUL-06 - 12-JUL-06. [Details]
	(2006)	Neuroscience Ireland, Inaugural Conference, Paul Young; (2006) Single-neuron labeling with inducible cre-mediated knockout in transgenic mice. [Poster Presentation], Neuroscience Ireland, Inaugural Conference, University College Cork, Ireland , 21-SEP-06 - 22-SEP-06. [Details]
	(2005)	Society for Neuroscience (SfN) 35th Annual Meeting, Paul Young; (2005) LNX1 is a perisynaptic Schwann cell specific E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with ErbB2. [Oral Presentation], Society for Neuroscience (SfN) 35th Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, USA , 12-NOV-05 - 16-NOV-05. [Details]
	(2005)	Society for Neuroscience (SfN) 35th Annual Meeting, Paul Young; (2005) Single-neuron labeling with inducible cre-mediated knockout in transgenic mice. [Oral Presentation], Society for Neuroscience (SfN) 35th Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, USA , 12-NOV-05 - 16-NOV-05. [Details]
	(2002)	Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting, Paul Young; (2002) Functional characterisation of neuregulin cytoplasmic domain splice variants. [Oral Presentation], Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, USA , 01-NOV-02 - 01-NOV-02. [Details]

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Committees

	Committee	Function	From / To
	College of SEFS Teaching Learning and Student Experience Committee	School Representative	2011 /
	School Teaching , Learning and Curriculum Committee	Chair	2014 / 2015
	UCC Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee	Member	2013 /

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Employment

	Employer	Position	From / To
	University College Cork	College Lecturer / Principal Investigator	01-SEP-05 /
	Duke University, Durham, USA	Postdoctoral Fellow	01-JAN-01 / 01-JAN-05
	European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany	Postdoctoral Fellow	01-JAN-01 / 01-JAN-05

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Education

	Year	Institution	Qualification	Subject
	1996	National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland	BSc	Biotechnology
	2000	National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland	PhD	Mol. Biology

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Other Activities

	Description
	Academic Mentor to UCC and Ireland's first team to participate in iGEM Synthetic Biology competition 2014
	Judge at the 2014 iGEM competition (International Genetically Engineered Machine competition in Synthetic Biology)

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Teaching Activities

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Teaching Interests

I currently teach and/or coordinate the following modules:

• Introductory Cell Biology and Biomembranes (3rd year Biochemistry; module BC3003).
• Neuroscience (2nd year Medicine; module FM2101).
• Neuroscience (2nd year Graduate Entry Medicine; module GM2001).
• Bone Metabolism and Renal Mechanisms of Homeostasis (2nd year Medicine; module FM2102).
• Literature review module (3rd year Biochemistry; module BC3012)
• Biotechnology (4th year Biochemistry: module BC4017)

An outline of these courses and all courses taught by staff in the Department of Biochemistry are available at the UCC Book of Modules.

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Recent Postgraduates

	Graduation Year	Student Name	Institution	Degree Type	Thesis Title
	2013	Louise Mansfield	UCC	MSc	INVESTIGATION OF LNX PROTEINS WITH REGARD TO STABILITY, TRANSLATIONAL CONTROL AND IN VIVO FUNCTIONS
	2013	Kate Foley	UCC	PhD	Characterisation of the non-muscle α-actinins
	2013	Orthis Saha	UCC	PhD	Investigation of the function of the LNX family of
	2013	Victoria Heimer-McGinn	UCC	PhD	Development and characterization of novel transgenic

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Research Information

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Internal Collaborators

	Name	Institute	Country
	Tommie McCarthy	UCC	IRELAND
	John Cryan	UCC	IRELAND

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External Collaborators

	Name	Organisation / Institute	Country
	Susan Dymecki	Dept of Genetics, Harvard University	U.S.A.
	Manolis Fanto	King's College London	UNITED KINGDOM
	Guoping Feng	MIT	U.S.A.